Best old Cities to visit in Nepal

Kathmandu

Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal, is a vibrant and sprawling metropolis that serves as the cultural heart of the country. Rich in history and traditions, Kathmandu is a fascinating blend of old and new, where ancient temples stand alongside modern buildings, and bustling street markets exist near quiet Buddhist monasteries.

Highlights of Kathmandu

• Durbar Square: At the core of Kathmandu's historical identity is Durbar Square, a UNESCO World Heritage site filled with palaces, temples, and courtyards from the era of the Malla kings and the Shah dynasty. The square was heavily damaged during the 2015 earthquake, but restoration efforts continue to preserve its historical significance.

• Swayambhunath Stupa: Known as the Monkey Temple, Swayambhunath is one of the most ancient and revered holy shrines in Kathmandu. Perched on a hilltop, it offers panoramic views of the city, and its stupa is a fine example of Buddhist architecture.

• Pashupatinath Temple: This sacred Hindu temple on the banks of the Bagmati River is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is a UNESCO World Heritage site. It is a major pilgrimage site for Hindus worldwide, especially during the festival of Shivaratri.

• Thamel: The tourist hub of Kathmandu, Thamel is buzzing with energy and filled with shops, boutiques, restaurants, and hotels. It's a great place to buy traditional handicrafts and trekking gear or to enjoy various cuisines from around the world.

• Boudhanath Stupa: One of the largest stupas in the world, Boudhanath is a focal point for Tibetan Buddhism in Nepal. Surrounded by monasteries, this stupa is a peaceful place where pilgrims perform kora (walking meditation) around the stupa.

• The Garden of Dreams: A neoclassical historical garden, it is the perfect place to escape from the hustle and bustle of the city. Located in the heart of Kathmandu, it features lush greenery, fountains, and a variety of flora.

Cultural Experience: Kathmandu is not just about places; it's about the experience. The city's vibrant cultural festivals, such as Indra Jatra and Dashain, offer a deep dive into the local traditions and religious practices. The streets of Kathmandu are a live museum of Hinduism and Buddhism, where every corner tells a story, every festival brings joy, and every face has a smile that welcomes you to delve deeper into this enchanting city.

Kathmandu is a city where the past enriches the present and where every visitor can find something to inspire and awe them. Whether it's the architectural marvels, the spiritual serenity, or the chaotic charm of the local markets, Kathmandu promises a truly memorable experience. For travelers seeking to explore the depths of Nepali culture, it is an indispensable destination.

Bhaktapur

Bhaktapur, often referred to as Bhadgaon or Khwopa, is an ancient city in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal, renowned for its authentic medieval charm and preserved heritage. Unlike the more commercialized parts of Kathmandu, Bhaktapur offers a purer glimpse into Nepal's past, with its cityscape largely untouched by modernization, making it a must-visit for anyone interested in history and culture.

Highlights of Bhaktapur

• Bhaktapur Durbar Square: The heart of the city, Bhaktapur Durbar Square is a UNESCO World Heritage Site packed with ancient temples, palaces, and courtyards. Notable structures include the 55 Window Palace, which houses the National Art Gallery, and the Golden Gate, a masterpiece of Nepalese art.

• Nyatapola Temple: This five-story pagoda was built in 1702 during the reign of King Bhupatindra Malla and is the tallest temple in Nepal. It is an exemplary showcase of the architectural ingenuity prevalent during the Malla dynasty.

• Dattatreya Temple: Built from the wood of a single tree in the 15th century, this temple is dedicated to Dattatreya, a deity who is an amalgam of Hindu gods Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. The area around the temple is known for its woodcarving and metalworking artisans.

• Pottery Square: Here, visitors can observe potters molding clay into various traditional shapes using age-old techniques passed down through generations. The square is a live example of Bhaktapur’s thriving ceramic industry.

• Peacock Window: Also known as the "Monalisa of Nepal," this intricately carved wooden window is a significant piece of art located on the side of the Pujari Math building. It exemplifies the city's rich craftsmanship in woodcarving.

Cultural Experience: Bhaktapur is a city that feels like an open-air museum, its streets and alleys lined with rich cultural artifacts, local crafts, and religious monuments. The city is particularly known for its festivals, including Bisket Jatra, an annual celebration that marks the Nepali New Year with chariot processions and other vibrant public festivities.

Culinary Delights: Don't leave Bhaktapur without trying the local specialty, Juju Dhau (king yogurt), known for its creamy texture and sweet flavor. This yogurt is traditionally served in clay bowls, which further enhance its taste.

Visiting Bhaktapur is like stepping back in time. The preservation of its ancient buildings, the continuation of old crafts, and the adherence to traditional lifestyles offer a unique cultural experience that is hard to find anywhere else. Bhaktapur’s beauty and authenticity make it a profound representation of Nepal’s historical and cultural grandeur. Whether you're exploring its historic squares, marveling at the architectural details, or simply wandering through its quiet streets, Bhaktapur offers an enchanting retreat into the heart of Nepalese tradition and history.

Patan (Lalitpur)

Patan, also known as Lalitpur, which means "City of Beauty," is one of the three royal cities in the Kathmandu Valley and arguably the epicenter of fine art and Buddhist and Hindu culture. It is famous for its rich cultural heritage, particularly its traditions of arts and crafts; it is indeed the birthplace of the valley's finest craftsmen who have preserved ancient techniques passed down from generation to generation.

Highlights of Patan

• Patan Durbar Square: This square is the focal point of the city's life and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site surrounded by spectacular architecture, temples, and an ancient royal palace where the Malla Kings of Lalitpur once resided. The intricacy of the hand-carved windows and panels of the royal palace exemplifies the city's historic artistry.

• The Patan Museum: Located inside the palace complex of Patan Durbar Square, this museum houses a collection of bronze statues and religious objects, showcasing the craftsmanship of the Newar artists of Patan. The museum itself is considered a result of one of the best restoration efforts of Newar architecture in Nepal.

• Golden Temple (Hiranya Varna Mahavihar): A few minutes walk from the Durbar Square, this Buddhist monastery is adorned with exceptionally fine metalwork and is one of the most beautiful sights in Patan. The upper facade of the temple is covered in gold, and it is a sublime example of the religious art that flourishes in Patan.

• Rudra Varna Mahavihar: This Buddhist monastery contains an amazing collection of images and statues in metal, stone, and wood. It is said that kings in the ancient times were crowned in this monastery.

• Mahaboudha Temple: A terracotta masterpiece, this Buddhist temple is inspired by the Mahabodhi temple in Bodh Gaya, India. The temple is adorned with hundreds of Buddha images and other terra cotta tiles that are beautifully carved.

Cultural Experience: Patan is a thriving center for cultural tourism. As you walk through the narrow streets, you can observe artisans at work—carvers in wood and stone, and metalworkers producing exquisite traditional crafts. Patan's artistic heritage includes fine thangka paintings, metal statues, and exquisite jewelry.

Culinary Delights: Local Newari cuisine in Patan is something that every visitor should try. Dishes like Bara (savory rice-flour pancakes) and Chatamari (often referred to as Newari Pizza) are popular among locals and tourists alike.

Patan is not just a city of artists; it's a living canvas of art, culture, and religion. The beauty of Patan lies not only in its monuments but in its ability to retain its ancient cultural context amidst urbanization. Visiting Patan offers a deeper understanding of the artistic and cultural ethos that shapes the Kathmandu Valley and provides an intimate experience with the history and soul of Nepalese tradition. Whether you're an art lover, a history buff, or a spiritual seeker, Patan has something beautiful and profound to offer.

Panauti

Panauti, a quaint and tranquil town located southeast of Kathmandu, is one of Nepal's historical hidden gems. Surrounded by lush greenery and enriched with a unique cultural and spiritual heritage, Panauti offers a peaceful escape from the bustling city life, making it a perfect spot for those seeking serenity and a deep dive into traditional Nepali culture.

Highlights of Panauti

• Indreshwar Mahadev Temple: This temple, standing in the heart of Panauti, is one of the oldest surviving temples in Nepal, dating back to the 13th century. It is dedicated to Shiva and is known for its impressive pagoda-style architecture and beautifully carved wooden rafters.

• Unmatta Bhairav Temple: Adjacent to the Indreshwar temple, this temple features some of the most intricate wood carvings and sculptures depicting various deities and mythical creatures. It's a great reflection of the medieval architectural and artistic achievements of the region.

• Panauti Museum: Located near the town’s main square, this small museum offers insights into the local history, culture, and art. It houses a collection of religious artifacts, traditional costumes, and tools that tell the story of Panauti’s past and present.

• Rural Charm: Panauti is enveloped by a rural landscape that includes terraced fields and traditional houses. Visitors can take guided walks around the town to see local farmers at work and experience the daily life of the Nepali countryside.

• Confluence of the Sacred Rivers: Panauti is considered spiritually significant due to the confluence of two rivers, Rosi and Punyamati, and a mythical third one, making it a sacred site for Hindu rituals. The area is often used for spiritual ceremonies, especially during Makar Mela, a festival that occurs every 12 years.

Cultural Experience: Visiting Panauti is like stepping back in time. The town is less touched by modernity compared to Nepal’s larger cities, and its streets and architecture reflect a rich cultural heritage that has been well preserved. The town is also known for its vibrant festivals, particularly the Panauti Jatra, which features chariot processions and traditional music and dance.

Culinary Delights: While in Panauti, try the local Newari cuisine, which is characterized by a variety of unique flavors and ingredients. Dishes like "Baji" (beaten rice), "Choila" (spiced grilled meat), and "Momos" (dumplings) are popular among locals and provide a tasty insight into the culinary traditions of the region.

Panauti offers a distinct blend of spiritual, historical, and natural beauty. Its tranquil environment, combined with its rich cultural tapestry, makes it a perfect destination for those looking to explore the quieter side of Nepal. Whether you are interested in history, religion, or simply the allure of rural life, Panauti provides a profoundly satisfying and enriching experience.

Bandipur

Bandipur, nestled in the hills of central Nepal, is a picturesque town that captures the essence of Nepal's cultural and architectural heritage. Once a thriving trading post on the route between India and Tibet, Bandipur today is a beautifully preserved village that offers stunning views of the Himalayas and a glimpse into the traditional Newari culture.

Highlights of Bandipur

• Traditional Architecture: Bandipur is renowned for its beautifully preserved 18th-century architecture. The town’s main street is lined with traditional Newari houses, featuring intricate wooden carvings and ornate windows, which have been restored to their former glory.

• Bandipur Durbar Square: Although smaller than the famous squares in Kathmandu Valley, Bandipur's Durbar Square offers a charming and less crowded alternative. The square is surrounded by ancient buildings and temples that reflect the town’s historical importance and aesthetic appeal.

• Tundikhel: This long and wide promenade provides a fantastic vantage point for panoramic views of the Himalayan range, including the Annapurna, Dhaulagiri, Manaslu, and Langtang ranges. It is a perfect spot for sunrise and sunset viewings.

• Siddha Gufa: The largest cave in Nepal, Siddha Gufa, is a short hike from Bandipur. It offers an adventurous escape for those interested in exploring the underground world. The cave is home to stalactites and stalagmites and provides a thrilling experience for spelunkers.

• Thani Mai Temple: A hike to this hilltop temple provides not only a spiritual retreat but also breathtaking views of the surrounding valleys and mountains. The path is popular among both locals and tourists, especially early in the morning.

Cultural Experience: Bandipur is a living museum of Newari culture, where the traditions and customs are well preserved. The town frequently hosts cultural festivals and events, including the Bandipur Festival, which celebrates the rich Newari culture with traditional music, dance, and local cuisine.

Culinary Delights: In Bandipur, you can enjoy traditional Newari cuisine along with popular Nepalese dishes. The local eateries often serve Dal Bhat (rice and lentils), Momos (dumplings), and Thukpa (noodle soup), which are staples in Nepalese cuisine.

Outdoor Activities: Apart from cultural exploration, Bandipur offers several outdoor activities like hiking, caving, and paragliding. The surrounding hills provide numerous trails that offer both gentle walks and challenging hikes.

With its serene environment, rich history, and stunning natural beauty, Bandipur is a unique destination in Nepal that offers a tranquil retreat from the hustle and bustle of city life. Whether you're a history enthusiast, culture seeker, or nature lover, Bandipur promises a diverse and enriching experience. Its blend of cultural heritage and natural beauty makes it a must-visit for anyone traveling to Nepal.

Tips for Visiting Best old Cities to visit in Nepal

Visiting the best old cities in Nepal offers a unique opportunity to immerse yourself in the country's rich history and vibrant culture. Here are some tips to enhance your experience and ensure a memorable trip:

• Plan Your Visit During Festivals: Many of Nepal's cities are most lively and colorful during local festivals. Plan your visit around events like Indra Jatra in Kathmandu, Bisket Jatra in Bhaktapur, or the Rato Machhindranath Jatra in Patan to experience these cities at their most vibrant.

• Hire Local Guides: Local guides not only provide insights into the historical and cultural significance of the sights but also contribute to the local economy. They can offer a deeper understanding of the local customs, legends, and help you navigate the cities more efficiently.

• Respect Local Customs: Nepal's old cities are steeped in tradition and religion. Dress modestly, especially when entering temples and other sacred sites. Always ask for permission before taking photographs of shrines, ceremonies, or local people.

• Comfortable Walking Shoes: These ancient cities are best explored on foot, often on cobbled or uneven streets. Wear comfortable walking shoes to navigate these areas easily and safely.

• Stay Hydrated and Protect Yourself from the Sun: The weather can be quite warm depending on the season, so it's essential to stay hydrated and use sun protection like sunscreen, hats, and sunglasses.

• Try Local Cuisine: Each city in Nepal has its culinary specialties. Don’t miss out on local dishes like Newari food in Kathmandu, Juju Dhau (yogurt) in Bhaktapur, or the sweet treats in Patan. Local tea and coffee are also a must-try.

• Accommodation Choices: Opt for locally-run guesthouses or heritage hotels where possible. Many restored buildings in these old cities offer accommodations that reflect the traditional architecture and decor, enhancing your cultural experience.

• Be Prepared for Power Cuts: Nepal frequently experiences power shortages. It's a good idea to carry a flashlight or have a backup power source like a portable battery pack for your devices.

• Carry Cash: While major tourist spots accept credit cards, smaller shops, local markets, and rural areas often only deal in cash. Smaller denominations are handy for smaller purchases and tips.

• Environmental Consciousness: Help preserve the beauty and integrity of Nepal's historic sites. Avoid littering and carry back all non-biodegradable materials. Also, consider using a refillable water bottle to minimize plastic waste.

Following these tips will help you have a more enjoyable and respectful visit to the old cities of Nepal, allowing you to fully engage with the local culture and history in a meaningful way.

Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, Patan, Panauti, and Bandipur, the old cities of Nepal present a unique view of the dynamic history of the country and its rich cultural fabric. With their original blend of spiritual meaning, ancient practices, and architectural wonders, every city offers a deep understanding of the core of Nepalese culture. Whether you are amazed by the elaborate carvings of Durbar Squares, strolling through the old lanes, or celebrating vibrant festivals, these cities offer a really interactive experience. For every traveler anxious to delve into history and culture, Nepal's ancient cities are vital sites that blend the appeal of the past with the warmth of customary hospitality. Not only does a trip to these cities expand your knowledge of the artistic and historical countryside of Nepal, it also provides a once-in-a-lifetime tour of some of the most beautiful and historically relevant places on the planet.

FAQs for Best old Cities to visit in Nepal

Q: What are the top old cities to visit in Nepal?

A: The top old cities to visit in Nepal include Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, Patan, Panauti, and Bandipur. Each offers a unique glimpse into Nepal’s rich cultural and historical heritage.

Q: When is the best time to visit these old cities in Nepal?

A: The best time to visit these old cities is during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) seasons. The weather is generally clear and mild, making it ideal for sightseeing and attending festivals.

Q: Are there any entry fees for the historical sites in these cities?

A: Yes, most major historical sites in these cities, especially those that are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, charge an entry fee. These fees vary but are usually nominal and contribute to the conservation and maintenance of these sites.

Q: What should I wear when visiting these cities?

A: When visiting these old cities, it is advisable to dress modestly to respect the local culture, especially in religious sites. Comfortable walking shoes are recommended as the streets can be uneven and cobbled.

Q: How can I respect the local culture while visiting?

A: Respect local customs by dressing modestly, removing shoes before entering temples, speaking softly, and asking for permission before taking photographs of people or religious ceremonies.

Q: What local dishes should I try in these cities?

A: Each city offers unique local dishes. In Kathmandu, try the momos (dumplings) and Newari cuisine; in Bhaktapur, sample the famous Juju Dhau (king yogurt); in Patan, enjoy traditional Newari snacks; and in Bandipur, savor the local Thakali thali.

Q: Is it safe to travel alone in these cities?

A: Yes, it is generally safe to travel alone in these cities. However, as with any travel destination, it's important to stay aware of your surroundings, especially at night, and keep valuables secure.

Q: What language is spoken in these cities?

A: Nepali is the official language, but English is widely understood in tourist areas and major cities. Learning a few basic Nepali phrases can enhance your interaction with locals.

Q: Can I use credit cards in these cities?

A: Credit cards are accepted in many hotels, restaurants, and shops, especially in tourist areas. However, carrying some cash is advisable as smaller vendors and rural areas may not accept cards.

Q: What are some must-do activities in these old cities?

A: Must-do activities include exploring the ancient Durbar Squares, visiting temples and museums, attending local festivals, trying traditional foods, and shopping for local handicrafts.

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